/* Layout: the case study is one long sheet of paper laid on the cutting mat. The ruler at the top fills as you read. */
:root{
  --mat:#2c5e4b; --mat-deep:#224c3c;
  --grid:rgba(226,236,196,.10); --grid-major:rgba(226,236,196,.26);
  --ink:#f2f0e3; --muted:#c2d3c1; --blade:#f6d04d;
  --paper:#f3f1e7; --paper-2:#e9e6d8; --paper-ink:#1c2923; --paper-muted:#5d6b63; --paper-line:rgba(28,41,35,.16);
  --display:"Instrument Serif","Iowan Old Style",Georgia,serif;
  --body:"Hanken Grotesk","Segoe UI",system-ui,sans-serif;
  --mono:"JetBrains Mono",ui-monospace,Menlo,monospace;
  --cm:40px;
  color-scheme:dark;
}
*{box-sizing:border-box}
html{background:var(--mat-deep)}
body{
  margin:0;min-height:100%;color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--body);font-size:17px;line-height:1.65;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;
  background-color:var(--mat);
  background-image:
    linear-gradient(var(--grid-major) 1px,transparent 1px),linear-gradient(90deg,var(--grid-major) 1px,transparent 1px),
    linear-gradient(var(--grid) 1px,transparent 1px),linear-gradient(90deg,var(--grid) 1px,transparent 1px);
  background-size:calc(var(--cm)*5) calc(var(--cm)*5),calc(var(--cm)*5) calc(var(--cm)*5),var(--cm) var(--cm),var(--cm) var(--cm);
  background-position:0 28px;
  padding-inline:16px;padding-block:0 64px;
}
a{color:inherit}
:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blade);outline-offset:3px}
h1,h2,h3{font-family:var(--display);font-weight:400;margin:0;text-wrap:balance}

/* ruler + reading progress */
.ruler{
  position:sticky;top:env(safe-area-inset-top,0px);z-index:10;height:28px;margin-inline:-16px;
  background:
    repeating-linear-gradient(90deg,var(--grid-major) 0 1px,transparent 1px 8px) left bottom/100% 7px no-repeat,
    repeating-linear-gradient(90deg,var(--ink) 0 1px,transparent 1px var(--cm)) left bottom/100% 12px no-repeat,
    var(--mat-deep);
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--grid-major);
  display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;padding-inline:16px;
  font:500 12px/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--muted);
}
.ruler .fill{position:absolute;left:0;bottom:0;height:4px;width:0;background:var(--blade);transition:width .1s linear}
.ruler a{text-decoration:none;color:var(--ink);padding-bottom:6px}
.ruler a:hover{color:var(--blade)}
.ruler .pct{padding-bottom:6px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}

.wrap{max-width:880px;margin:0 auto;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:56px;padding-top:56px}

/* header, on the mat */
.head{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px}
.eyebrow{font:500 12px/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blade)}
.head h1{font-size:clamp(40px,7vw,72px);line-height:1}
.head h1 em{color:var(--blade)}
.head .lede{font-family:var(--display);font-style:italic;font-size:clamp(22px,3vw,28px);line-height:1.3;color:var(--muted);max-width:none;margin:0}

.meta{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:0 32px;border-top:2px solid var(--paper-ink);margin:0}
.meta div{padding:16px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--paper-line);min-width:0}
.meta dt{font:500 12px/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--paper-muted);margin-bottom:8px}
.meta dd{margin:0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.55}
.meta .wide{grid-column:1/-1}
.scope{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:12px 32px}
.scope b{display:block;font-weight:600;color:var(--paper-ink);font-size:14px;margin-bottom:2px}

/* the stack: one paper per section; once read, a paper's bottom edge stays pinned under the ruler (top set in JS) */
.stack{display:flex;flex-direction:column;position:relative;z-index:1;isolation:isolate}
.stack .paper{margin-bottom:40px}
.stack .paper:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.anchor{display:block;height:0}
.paper{
  position:sticky;
  background:var(--paper);color:var(--paper-ink);
  padding:clamp(24px,5vw,56px);
  box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2),0 -10px 30px -18px rgba(0,0,0,.55),0 24px 40px -24px rgba(0,0,0,.7);
}
.paper::before,.paper::after{content:"";position:absolute;width:14px;height:14px;border-color:var(--paper-muted);opacity:.5;pointer-events:none}
.paper::before{top:10px;left:10px;border-top:1px solid;border-left:1px solid}
.paper::after{bottom:10px;right:10px;border-bottom:1px solid;border-right:1px solid}
.tab{
  position:absolute;top:-1px;right:clamp(16px,4vw,40px);transform:translateY(-100%);
  background:var(--paper);color:var(--paper-muted);padding:7px 10px 5px;
  font:500 12px/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;
}
.sec{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px;scroll-margin-top:48px}
.sec > *:not(.tab):not(.fold){position:relative}
.sec > p,.sec > ul,.prose{max-width:none}
.sec p{margin:0}
.no{font:500 12px/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--paper-muted);display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px}
.no::after{content:"";flex:1;height:1px;background:repeating-linear-gradient(90deg,var(--paper-line) 0 6px,transparent 6px 10px)}
.sec h2{font-size:clamp(32px,4.4vw,44px);line-height:1.05}
.sec h3{font-size:26px;line-height:1.15}
.pull{font-family:var(--display);font-size:clamp(22px,2.8vw,28px);line-height:1.3;border-left:3px solid var(--blade);padding-left:18px;margin:6px 0;max-width:40ch}

ul.hard{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:0 32px;max-width:none}
ul.hard li{padding:14px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--paper-line);font-size:16px;line-height:1.55}
ul.hard b{display:block;font-weight:600}

.principles{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;display:flex;flex-direction:column}
.principles li{display:grid;grid-template-columns:64px minmax(0,1fr);gap:4px 20px;padding:20px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--paper-line)}
.principles li:last-child{border-bottom:1px solid var(--paper-line)}
.principles .n{font-family:var(--display);font-size:44px;line-height:1;color:var(--paper-muted)}
.principles h3{font-size:24px}
.principles p{margin:6px 0 0;color:#34423b;font-size:16px}

/* app parts */
.part{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:34px}
.part-head{display:flex;align-items:baseline;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;padding-bottom:12px;border-bottom:2px solid var(--paper-ink)}
.part-head span{font:500 12px/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--paper-muted)}
.step{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:20px;align-items:start}
.step .txt{max-width:none}
.step .txt{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:10px;min-width:0}
.step .k{font:500 12px/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--paper-muted)}
.step p{font-size:16.5px;color:#34423b}
.shots{display:flex;justify-content:center;gap:24px;flex-wrap:wrap;min-width:0}
.step.wide{grid-template-columns:1fr}
.step.wide .txt{max-width:none}

figure{margin:0;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:8px;min-width:0}
.slot{
  position:relative;background:var(--paper-2);border:1.5px dashed rgba(28,41,35,.35);
  display:grid;place-items:center;text-align:center;padding:14px;max-width:100%;
  font:500 12px/1.4 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--paper-muted);
  background-image:linear-gradient(var(--paper-line) 1px,transparent 1px),linear-gradient(90deg,var(--paper-line) 1px,transparent 1px);
  background-size:16px 16px;
}
.slot.phone{width:190px;aspect-ratio:9/19.5;border-radius:22px}
.slot.desk{width:100%;aspect-ratio:16/10}
.slot img{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;border-radius:inherit}
figcaption{font-size:14px;font-style:italic;line-height:1.45;color:var(--paper-muted);max-width:42ch;text-align:center;margin-inline:auto}
.shots figure{flex:0 1 220px}
.step.wide .shots figure{flex:1 1 100%}

/* breathing room between big blocks that sit directly in a section */
.sec > .demo{margin:12px 0 24px}
.sec > .step + .step{margin-top:16px}
.sec > .part + .bridge,.sec > .bridge + .part{margin-top:22px}
.step .shots{flex-wrap:nowrap}

.bridge{background:var(--paper-ink);color:var(--paper);padding:22px 24px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:8px}
.bridge small{font:500 12px/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blade)}
.bridge p{margin:0;font-family:var(--display);font-size:22px;line-height:1.35}

/* tables */
.tbl{overflow-x:auto;border-top:2px solid var(--paper-ink)}
table{width:100%;min-width:640px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5}
th{text-align:left;font:500 12px/1.3 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--paper-muted);padding:12px 14px 12px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--paper-line);vertical-align:bottom}
td{padding:14px 14px 14px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--paper-line);vertical-align:top}
td:first-child{font-weight:600;width:24%}
td:last-child{color:#34423b}

.measure{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;counter-reset:m;display:flex;flex-direction:column}
.measure li{counter-increment:m;display:grid;grid-template-columns:44px minmax(0,1fr);gap:16px;padding:14px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--paper-line);font-size:16.5px}
.measure li::before{content:counter(m,decimal-leading-zero);font:500 12px/1.9 var(--mono);color:var(--paper-muted)}
.measure b{font-weight:600}
.todo{font:500 12px/1.6 var(--mono);color:var(--paper-muted);border:1.5px dashed rgba(28,41,35,.35);padding:12px 14px}

.next{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:16px;flex-wrap:wrap;font:500 12px/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--muted)}
.next a{color:var(--ink);border:1px solid var(--grid-major);text-decoration:none;padding:10px 12px}
.next a:hover{color:var(--blade);border-color:var(--blade)}
.foot{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:-24px;padding-top:16px;border-top:1px solid var(--grid-major);font:400 12px/1.5 var(--mono);color:var(--muted);letter-spacing:.04em}

/* contact as the closing call to action, same pieces as the homepage contact */
.cta{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:22px;padding-top:24px}
.cta-label{font:500 12px/1 var(--mono);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.14em;color:var(--blade);display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px}
.cta-label::after{content:"";flex:1;height:1px;background:repeating-linear-gradient(90deg,var(--grid-major) 0 6px,transparent 6px 10px)}
.cta-head{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px 32px;flex-wrap:wrap}
.cta-copy{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:10px;max-width:52ch}
.cta h2{font-size:clamp(32px,4.4vw,44px);line-height:1.05}
.cta h2 em{color:var(--blade)}
.cta-copy p{margin:0;color:var(--muted)}
.cta-btn{flex-shrink:0;font:500 12px/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--paper-ink);background:var(--blade);text-decoration:none;padding:13px 16px}
.cta-btn span{display:inline-block;transition:transform .25s}
.cta-btn:hover span{transform:translateX(4px)}
.cta .links{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:12px 24px;padding-top:20px;border-top:1px solid var(--grid-major);font:italic 400 28px/1.2 var(--display);letter-spacing:0}
.cta .links a{text-decoration-color:var(--grid-major);text-underline-offset:6px;text-decoration-thickness:1px}
.cta .links a:hover{text-decoration-color:var(--blade);color:var(--blade)}
.copy{font:500 12px/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;background:transparent;color:var(--blade);border:1px solid var(--blade);padding:6px 8px;cursor:pointer}
.copy:hover{background:var(--blade);color:var(--paper-ink)}



/* section navigation: rail on wide screens, dropdown from the ruler on narrow ones */
.toc-btn{
  display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;max-width:52vw;margin-bottom:6px;
  font:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;text-transform:inherit;color:var(--ink);
  background:none;border:1px solid var(--grid-major);padding:5px 8px;cursor:pointer;
}
.toc-btn span{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}
.toc-btn i{font-style:normal;color:var(--blade);transition:transform .2s}
.toc-btn[aria-expanded="true"] i{transform:rotate(180deg)}
.toc-btn:hover{border-color:var(--blade)}
.toc{
  position:fixed;z-index:9;top:calc(env(safe-area-inset-top,0px) + 36px);left:16px;right:16px;
  background:var(--mat-deep);border:1px solid var(--grid-major);padding:8px;
  box-shadow:0 18px 30px -16px rgba(0,0,0,.7);
}
.toc ol{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;display:flex;flex-direction:column}
.toc a{
  display:grid;grid-template-columns:28px minmax(0,1fr);gap:8px;align-items:baseline;
  padding:9px 8px;text-decoration:none;color:var(--muted);font-size:16px;line-height:1.3;
}
.toc a b{font:500 12px/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.06em;color:var(--muted);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}
.toc a:hover{color:var(--ink);background:rgba(226,236,196,.06)}
.toc a[aria-current="true"]{color:var(--ink)}
.toc a[aria-current="true"] b{color:var(--blade)}
.toc-title{display:none}
@media (min-width:1240px){
  .toc-btn{display:none}
  .toc{
    display:block!important;left:max(16px,calc((100vw - 880px)/2 - 232px));right:auto;top:84px;width:196px;
    background:none;border:0;box-shadow:none;padding:0;
  }
  .toc-title{display:block;font:500 12px/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blade);padding:0 0 12px 10px}
  .toc ol{border-left:1px solid var(--grid-major)}
  .toc a{position:relative;padding:7px 10px;font-size:14.5px}
  .toc a:hover{background:none}
  .toc a[aria-current="true"]::before{content:"";position:absolute;left:-1px;top:4px;bottom:4px;width:3px;background:var(--blade)}
}

@media (max-width:680px){
  body{font-size:16px}
  :root{--cm:32px}
  .wrap{padding-top:36px;gap:40px}
  .meta,.scope,ul.hard{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .step{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .principles li{grid-template-columns:40px minmax(0,1fr);gap:4px 12px}
  .principles .n{font-size:34px}
  .slot.phone{width:160px}
  .shots figure{flex:0 1 160px}
}

/* phones: section navigation lives in a bar at the bottom */
@media (max-width:680px){
  body{padding-bottom:calc(96px + env(safe-area-inset-bottom,0px))}
  .toc-btn{
    position:fixed;z-index:11;left:16px;right:16px;bottom:calc(env(safe-area-inset-bottom,0px) + 12px);
    max-width:none;margin:0;justify-content:space-between;padding:13px 14px;
    background:var(--mat-deep);border-color:var(--grid-major);
    box-shadow:0 -6px 24px -10px rgba(0,0,0,.6);font-size:11px;
  }
  .toc-btn i{transform:rotate(180deg)}
  .toc-btn[aria-expanded="true"] i{transform:rotate(0deg)}
  .toc{top:auto;bottom:calc(env(safe-area-inset-bottom,0px) + 66px);max-height:calc(100vh - 140px);overflow-y:auto}
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){*{transition:none!important}}

/* real screenshots inside a slot */
.slot.filled{border:0;padding:0;background:none;aspect-ratio:auto;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px var(--paper-line),0 14px 24px -16px rgba(0,0,0,.45)}
.slot.filled img{position:static;display:block;width:100%;height:auto}
.slot.phone.filled{width:100%;border-radius:0}
.slot.desk.filled{border-radius:0}
.shots.trio{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:16px;align-items:start;justify-items:center}
.step.wide .shots.trio figure{flex:none}
@media (max-width:680px){.shots.trio{grid-template-columns:1fr}}

/* interactive prototype: one phone, the nudge is live HTML on top of a scrolling screenshot strip */
.demo{display:grid;grid-template-columns:auto minmax(0,1fr);gap:24px 44px;align-items:center}
.demo-phone{
  --w:300px;--u:calc(var(--w) / 371);
  position:relative;width:var(--w);height:calc(var(--u) * 805);overflow:hidden;
  border-radius:calc(var(--u) * 30);background:#f7f7f7;
  box-shadow:0 0 0 calc(var(--u) * 7) var(--paper-ink),0 26px 40px -22px rgba(0,0,0,.6);
  margin:7px;
}
.demo-phone .base{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;display:block}
.demo-phone .vp{position:absolute;left:0;right:0;top:calc(var(--u) * 185);height:calc(var(--u) * 540);overflow:hidden}
.demo-phone .strip{position:relative;transition:transform .9s cubic-bezier(.65,0,.35,1)}
.demo-phone .strip img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto}
.demo-phone.scrolled .strip{transform:translateY(calc(var(--u) * -445))}
/* highlight: the purple border draws itself around the card like a loader, then glows once */
.demo-phone .ring{
  position:absolute;left:calc(var(--u) * 188);top:calc(var(--u) * 763);width:calc(var(--u) * 170);height:calc(var(--u) * 104);
  border-radius:calc(var(--u) * 10);pointer-events:none;
}
.demo-phone .ring svg{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;overflow:visible}
.demo-phone .ring rect{fill:none;stroke:#a605ad;stroke-width:2;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-dasharray:100;stroke-dashoffset:100}
.demo-phone.lit .ring rect{stroke-dashoffset:0;transition:stroke-dashoffset 1.1s cubic-bezier(.45,0,.2,1)}
.demo-phone.lit .ring{animation:ping .9s ease-out 1.1s}
@keyframes ping{from{box-shadow:0 0 0 0 rgba(166,5,173,.45)}to{box-shadow:0 0 0 calc(var(--u) * 12) rgba(166,5,173,0)}}
/* the nudge is the exact pill from the design, cropped 1:1 */
.demo-phone .nudge{
  position:absolute;left:calc(var(--u) * 76);top:calc(var(--u) * 674);width:calc(var(--u) * 219);height:calc(var(--u) * 36);
  padding:0;border:0;border-radius:999px;overflow:hidden;background:#a605ad;cursor:pointer;
  transition:opacity .2s,transform .2s;
}
.demo-phone .nudge img{display:block;width:100%;height:100%}
.demo-phone .nudge:hover{transform:scale(1.03)}
.demo-phone .nudge:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--paper-ink);outline-offset:3px}
.demo-phone.tapped .nudge{opacity:0;transform:scale(.9);pointer-events:none}
.demo-phone.reset .strip,.demo-phone.reset .nudge,.demo-phone.reset .ring rect{transition:none}

.demo-side{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:16px;min-width:0}
.demo-steps{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;counter-reset:d;display:flex;flex-direction:column}
.demo-steps li{
  counter-increment:d;display:grid;grid-template-columns:36px minmax(0,1fr);gap:12px;padding:12px 0;
  border-top:1px solid var(--paper-line);font-size:16px;line-height:1.5;color:var(--paper-muted);transition:color .3s;
}
.demo-steps li:last-child{border-bottom:1px solid var(--paper-line)}
.demo-steps li::before{content:counter(d,decimal-leading-zero);font:500 12px/1.9 var(--mono)}
.demo-steps li.on{color:var(--paper-ink)}
.demo-steps li.on::before{color:#a605ad}
.demo-steps b{font-weight:600}
.replay{
  align-self:flex-start;font:500 12px/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;
  color:var(--paper);background:var(--paper-ink);border:0;padding:10px 12px;cursor:pointer;
}
.replay:hover{background:#a605ad}
.demo-note{font:500 12px/1.5 var(--mono);color:var(--paper-muted);letter-spacing:.04em;margin:0}

@media (max-width:680px){
  .demo{grid-template-columns:1fr;justify-items:center}
  .demo-side{width:100%}
  .demo-phone{--w:250px}
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.demo-phone.lit .ring{animation:none}}
/* ---------- accessibility ---------- */
.sr-only{position:absolute!important;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);white-space:nowrap;border:0}
/* yellow focus ring disappears on cream paper: use ink there */
.paper :focus-visible{outline-color:var(--paper-ink)}
/* anchor and focus scrolling never park content under the sticky ruler */
html{scroll-padding-top:56px}

/* ---------- interactive attendance gate (election case study) ---------- */
.gate-phone{
  position:relative;width:240px;aspect-ratio:375/812;flex-shrink:0;overflow:hidden;
  border-radius:26px;background:#eaf4ff;margin:7px;
  box-shadow:0 0 0 7px var(--paper-ink),0 26px 40px -22px rgba(0,0,0,.6);
}
.gate-phone .scr{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;display:block;opacity:0;transition:opacity .35s ease}
.gate-phone[data-screen="attend"] .scr[data-s="attend"],
.gate-phone[data-screen="gate"] .scr[data-s="gate"],
.gate-phone[data-screen="home"] .scr[data-s="home"]{opacity:1}
.gate-phone .hot{
  position:absolute;display:none;padding:0;border:0;border-radius:6px;background:transparent;cursor:pointer;
  animation:hint 1.8s ease-in-out infinite;
}
.gate-phone[data-screen="attend"] .hot[data-on="attend"],
.gate-phone[data-screen="gate"] .hot[data-on="gate"]{display:block}
.gate-phone .hot:hover{background:rgba(255,255,255,.12)}
.gate-phone .hot:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blade);outline-offset:2px}
@keyframes hint{0%,100%{box-shadow:0 0 0 0 rgba(28,41,35,0)}50%{box-shadow:0 0 0 4px rgba(28,41,35,.28)}}
.gate-demo .demo-steps li.on::before{color:#1a3f8a}
.step .demo-note{font-size:12px;color:var(--paper-muted)}

/* ---------- offcuts: ideas that were set aside, as paper scraps on the mat ---------- */
.offcuts{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:18px}
.mat-label{font:500 12px/1 var(--mono);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.14em;color:var(--blade);display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px}
.mat-label::after{content:"";flex:1;height:1px;background:repeating-linear-gradient(90deg,var(--grid-major) 0 6px,transparent 6px 10px)}
.offcuts h2{font-size:clamp(32px,4.4vw,44px);line-height:1.05}
.offcuts > p{margin:0;color:var(--muted)}
.scraps{list-style:none;margin:10px 0 0;padding:0;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:26px}
.scraps li{filter:drop-shadow(0 10px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.35));transform:rotate(-1.1deg)}
.scraps li:nth-child(2){transform:rotate(.9deg) translateY(10px)}
.scraps li:nth-child(3){transform:rotate(-.4deg)}
.scrap{
  position:relative;background:var(--paper);color:var(--paper-ink);padding:26px 20px 30px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:8px;
  /* straight top, hand-torn bottom edge */
  clip-path:polygon(0 0,100% 0,100% calc(100% - 6px),93% 100%,85% calc(100% - 7px),76% calc(100% - 1px),67% calc(100% - 8px),58% 100%,49% calc(100% - 6px),40% calc(100% - 1px),31% calc(100% - 8px),22% 100%,13% calc(100% - 5px),6% calc(100% - 1px),0 calc(100% - 7px));
}
.scrap small{font:500 12px/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--paper-muted)}
.scrap h3{font-size:24px;line-height:1.15;text-decoration:line-through;text-decoration-color:rgba(28,41,35,.45);text-decoration-thickness:1.5px}
.scrap p{margin:0;font-size:15.5px;line-height:1.55;color:#34423b}
.scrap p b{font-weight:600;color:var(--paper-ink)}
@media (max-width:680px){
  .scraps{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .scraps li:nth-child(2){transform:rotate(.9deg)}
}

/* ---------- save as PDF ---------- */
.next-actions{display:flex;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap}
.pdf-btn{font:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;text-transform:inherit;background:none;cursor:pointer;color:var(--ink);border:1px solid var(--grid-major);padding:10px 12px}
.pdf-btn:hover{color:var(--blade);border-color:var(--blade)}

@media print{
  @page{size:A4;margin:14mm}
  :root{--ink:#1c2923;--muted:#4b5a52;--grid-major:rgba(28,41,35,.22)}
  html,body{background:#fff!important}
  body{background-image:none!important;padding:0!important;font-size:10.5pt;color:#1c2923}
  .ruler,.toc,.toc-btn,.next,.cta-btn,.copy,.replay,.demo-note,.tab,.hot{display:none!important}
  .wrap{max-width:none;padding-top:0;gap:22px}
  .head h1,.cta h2,.offcuts h2{color:#1c2923}
  .eyebrow,.head h1 em,.cta h2 em,.mat-label,.cta-label{color:#7a5d00!important}
  .stack{display:block}
  .paper{position:static!important;top:auto!important;transform:none!important;box-shadow:none!important;margin:0!important;padding:0 0 4mm!important;background:none!important;break-before:page}
  .stack > section.paper:first-of-type{break-before:auto}
  .paper::before,.paper::after{display:none}
  .step,figure,tr,.principles li,.bridge,.demo,.scraps li,.measure li,ul.hard li{break-inside:avoid}
  h2,h3,.no,.k,.part-head{break-after:avoid}
  .bridge,.demo-phone,.gate-phone,.scrap{-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;print-color-adjust:exact}
  .slot.filled{box-shadow:0 0 0 1px rgba(28,41,35,.25)}
  .slot.filled img{max-height:120mm;width:auto;max-width:100%}
  .scraps li{filter:none;transform:none!important}
  .scrap{border:1px solid rgba(28,41,35,.25);clip-path:none}
  .cta,.offcuts{break-before:page}
  .foot{border-top-color:rgba(28,41,35,.22)}
}
/* ---------- screenshot viewer ---------- */
.slot.zoomable{cursor:zoom-in;position:relative}
.slot.zoomable::after{
  content:"⤢";position:absolute;right:8px;top:8px;width:28px;height:28px;display:grid;place-items:center;
  background:var(--paper-ink);color:var(--paper);font:500 14px/1 var(--mono);opacity:0;transition:opacity .2s;pointer-events:none;
}
.slot.zoomable:hover::after,.slot.zoomable:focus-visible::after{opacity:.9}
.slot.zoomable:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--paper-ink);outline-offset:4px}
html.lb-open{overflow:hidden}
.lb{
  width:100vw;height:100vh;height:100dvh;max-width:none;max-height:none;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;
  background:#12281f;color:var(--ink);
  display:none;grid-template-rows:auto minmax(0,1fr) auto;
}
.lb[open]{display:grid}
.lb::backdrop{background:transparent}
.lb-bar{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:16px;padding:12px 16px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--grid-major);font:500 12px/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--muted)}
.lb-count{color:var(--blade);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}
.lb-hint{flex:1;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:none}
.lb-close{font:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;text-transform:inherit;color:var(--ink);background:none;border:1px solid var(--grid-major);padding:9px 12px;cursor:pointer}
.lb-close:hover{color:var(--blade);border-color:var(--blade)}
.lb-stage{position:relative;overflow:hidden;display:grid;place-items:center;padding:20px 72px;cursor:zoom-out}
.lb-img{display:block;max-width:100%;max-height:100%;width:auto;height:auto;cursor:zoom-in;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px rgba(255,255,255,.08),0 30px 60px -30px rgba(0,0,0,.8);background:#fff;user-select:none;-webkit-user-drag:none}
.lb.zoomed .lb-stage{display:block;overflow:auto;padding:0;cursor:grab}
.lb.zoomed .lb-img{max-width:none;max-height:none;margin:0 auto;cursor:grab}
.lb.panning .lb-stage,.lb.panning .lb-img{cursor:grabbing}
.lb-nav{position:absolute;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);width:44px;height:44px;display:grid;place-items:center;font:500 18px/1 var(--mono);color:var(--ink);background:rgba(18,40,31,.85);border:1px solid var(--grid-major);cursor:pointer;z-index:2}
.lb-nav:hover{color:var(--paper-ink);background:var(--blade);border-color:var(--blade)}
.lb-prev{left:14px}.lb-next{right:14px}
.lb-cap{margin:0;padding:12px 16px 16px;text-align:center;font-size:15px;font-style:italic;color:var(--muted);border-top:1px solid var(--grid-major)}
.lb :focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--blade);outline-offset:3px}
@media (max-width:680px){
  .lb-hint{display:none}
  .lb-stage{padding:12px 8px 64px}
  .lb-nav{top:auto;bottom:12px;transform:none}
}
@media print{.lb,.slot.zoomable::after{display:none!important}}
/* ---------- language switch ---------- */
.lang{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:2px;font:500 12px/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.08em}
.lang a{color:var(--muted);text-decoration:none;padding:6px 7px}
.lang a:hover{color:var(--blade)}
.lang a[aria-current="true"]{color:var(--paper-ink);background:var(--blade)}
.ruler-end{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;padding-bottom:4px}
.ruler-end .pct{padding-bottom:2px}
.ruler .lang a{padding:4px 6px;text-transform:uppercase}
@media print{.lang{display:none!important}}

/* ---------- paper fold on the case study sheets (static, no hover) ---------- */
.stack .paper{
  --ear:28px;background:linear-gradient(225deg,transparent calc(var(--ear) * .7071),var(--paper) 0);
  /* drop-shadow follows the paper's real outline, so the folded-away corner casts no square shadow */
  box-shadow:none;
  filter:drop-shadow(0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2)) drop-shadow(0 -3px 8px rgba(0,0,0,.16)) drop-shadow(0 14px 16px rgba(0,0,0,.3));
}
/* in the pile, shadows would stack up and darken with every paper: pinned papers keep only a hairline edge,
   and only the lowest one casts the soft shadow onto the paper being read */
.stack .paper{transform-origin:50% 100%;transition:transform .35s cubic-bezier(.2,.8,.3,1)}
.stack .paper.piled{filter:drop-shadow(0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.22));transform:translateX(var(--pile-x,0)) rotate(var(--pile-r,0deg))}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.stack .paper{transition:none}}
.stack .paper.piled.front{filter:drop-shadow(0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2)) drop-shadow(0 10px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.28))}
@media print{.stack .paper{filter:none}}
.paper .fold{
  position:absolute;top:0;right:0;z-index:3;width:var(--ear);height:var(--ear);pointer-events:none;
  background:linear-gradient(225deg,transparent 50%,#d9d4c1 50%,#e7e2d1 72%,#f0ecdf 100%);
  clip-path:polygon(0 0,100% 100%,0 100%);
}
.paper .tab{right:max(clamp(16px,4vw,40px),calc(var(--ear) + 10px))}
@media print{.paper .fold{display:none}}